As of June 7, 2025, Spain has implemented a ban on commercial calls originating from mobile numbers.

This measure is part of the government’s broader strategy to address the rising concerns surrounding telephone and SMS fraud.

The prohibition is outlined in Order TDF/149/2025 published by the Ministry for Digital Transformation and Public Function on February 15, 2025.

The initiative is designed to curb the misuse of national mobile numbering by fraudsters who engage in identity theft, often attempting to extract sensitive information from individuals, such as banking details.

The interval between the publication of the ministerial order and the enforcement of this ban allows businesses and organizations that still utilize mobile numbers for commercial purposes to adapt to the new regulations.

In addition to the mobile call ban, the government has introduced further measures to combat telephone and SMS fraud.

These include allowing calls from toll-free numbers—designated numbers 800 and 900—to initiate outbound communications, a shift from their previous capability to only receive calls.

Existing numbers assigned for commercial calls, including geographic numbers and specific service numbers like 1004, will continue to be used for authorized communications.

Since the implementation of related regulations on March 7, 2025, telecommunication operators have been required to block calls and SMS messages originating from unassigned or unallocated numbers, specifically targeting numbers starting with 3 or 4. According to the Ministry for Digital Transformation, this policy has resulted in the daily blocking of an average of 235,600 calls and 10,000 SMS messages, amounting to over 14 million calls and more than 800,000 SMS blocked in the initial two months of enforcement.

Equally significant is the new requirement that operators block international calls and SMS messages that attempt to disguise themselves as originating from Spanish numbers, with the exception of clients in roaming situations.

Telefónica, one of Spain's leading telecommunications providers, began applying this restriction in March, aiming to further thwart identity theft schemes that depend on mimicking local, trustworthy contact numbers.

Future developments within this regulatory framework include the establishment of an official database of alphanumeric codes used by businesses and public administrations for SMS identification.

This database will be managed by the National Commission on Markets and Competition (CNMC) and will serve to authenticate communications, protect the identities of legitimate entities, and facilitate the identification and blocking of impersonation attempts.

This measure, given its technical complexity, is slated to come into effect 15 months following the publication of the ministerial order.