Spain's Minimum Income Scheme: An Overview of Eligibility and Benefits
The Ingreso Mínimo Vital aims to support economically vulnerable households with financial assistance.
More than 2 million individuals in Spain have benefited from a measure aimed at those in economic vulnerability.
This initiative, known as the Ingreso Mínimo Vital (IMV), is designed to ensure minimum incomes for meeting basic needs.
Since its introduction in 2020, it has aided 688,007 households, according to data from the Instituto Nacional de la Seguridad Social (INSS).
The IMV provides a monthly amount that varies according to household composition.
For an individual beneficiary in 2025, the guaranteed amount is set at 658.81 euros per month.
The definition of a 'unidad de convivencia' (cohabiting unit) is crucial for determining eligibility.
This term refers to a group of people living in the same household, linked by family ties or guardianship arrangements.
This may include married couples, partners, parents with children, siblings, grandparents, and grandchildren living together, as well as individuals in foster care arrangements, such as minors under guardianship for adoption purposes.
Eligibility Criteria for Ingreso Mínimo Vital
To qualify for this benefit, applicants must meet specific requirements.
Applications can be submitted individually or by a cohabiting unit.
Individual applicants must be at least 23 years old and should not be part of another cohabiting unit, unless undergoing separation or divorce.
Exemptions to this rule apply to victims of gender-based violence and human trafficking.
Additionally, individuals aged between 18 and 22 who come from child protection centers or are absolute orphans are also eligible to apply.
Applicants need to demonstrate legal and effective residence in Spain for at least one year.
This requirement does not apply to minors who are part of a cohabiting unit, victims of gender-based violence, or victims of human trafficking.
Economic Requirements
To qualify for the IMV, applicants must show economic vulnerability.
The Social Security Administration stipulates that monthly household income must be at least 10 euros lower than the guaranteed amount according to household size.
In 2025, the guaranteed annual income for an individual is 7,905.72 euros, equating to 658.81 euros monthly.
For cohabiting units, the guaranteed amount increases progressively, reaching up to 1,449.39 euros monthly for households with five or more members.
In addition to income assessments, the net asset ownership of the applicant cannot exceed certain thresholds.
While the primary residence is not included in this assessment, other assets and savings are factored in.
An individual beneficiary is deemed not economically vulnerable if they possess net assets equal to or exceeding three times the guaranteed income for a single person, amounting to 20,353.62 euros.
Asset limits for cohabiting units vary based on the household composition:
One adult: 20,353.62 euros.
One adult and one minor: 28,495.07 euros.
One adult and two minors: 36,636.52 euros.
One adult and three minors: 44,777.96 euros.
One adult and more than three minors: 52,919.41 euros.
Two adults: 28,495.07 euros.
Two adults and one minor: 36,636.52 euros.
Two adults and two minors: 44,777.96 euros.
Two adults and more than two minors: 52,919.41 euros.
Three adults: 36,636.52 euros.
Three adults and one minor: 44,777.96 euros.
Three adults and more than two minors: 52,919.41 euros.
Four adults: 44,777.96 euros.
Four adults and one minor: 52,919.41 euros.
Other cases: 52,919.41 euros.
The Social Security Administration indicates that income and asset requirements for accessing and maintaining the IMV will be assessed via information collected electronically from the Agencia Estatal de Administración Tributaria and regional tax authorities.
Additional Support and Allowances
Additional complements are available to increase the amount received under the IMV. For single-parent cohabiting units, there is a 22% increase added to the individual guaranteed income.
There is also a supplement for households with members who have a disability degree of 65% or higher.
Furthermore, a child assistance supplement is established for households with minors.
The amount varies based on the age of the child: 115 euros per month for children under three years, 80.50 euros for those aged between three and six years, and 57.50 euros for those aged between six and eighteen years.
This initiative, known as the Ingreso Mínimo Vital (IMV), is designed to ensure minimum incomes for meeting basic needs.
Since its introduction in 2020, it has aided 688,007 households, according to data from the Instituto Nacional de la Seguridad Social (INSS).
The IMV provides a monthly amount that varies according to household composition.
For an individual beneficiary in 2025, the guaranteed amount is set at 658.81 euros per month.
The definition of a 'unidad de convivencia' (cohabiting unit) is crucial for determining eligibility.
This term refers to a group of people living in the same household, linked by family ties or guardianship arrangements.
This may include married couples, partners, parents with children, siblings, grandparents, and grandchildren living together, as well as individuals in foster care arrangements, such as minors under guardianship for adoption purposes.
Eligibility Criteria for Ingreso Mínimo Vital
To qualify for this benefit, applicants must meet specific requirements.
Applications can be submitted individually or by a cohabiting unit.
Individual applicants must be at least 23 years old and should not be part of another cohabiting unit, unless undergoing separation or divorce.
Exemptions to this rule apply to victims of gender-based violence and human trafficking.
Additionally, individuals aged between 18 and 22 who come from child protection centers or are absolute orphans are also eligible to apply.
Applicants need to demonstrate legal and effective residence in Spain for at least one year.
This requirement does not apply to minors who are part of a cohabiting unit, victims of gender-based violence, or victims of human trafficking.
Economic Requirements
To qualify for the IMV, applicants must show economic vulnerability.
The Social Security Administration stipulates that monthly household income must be at least 10 euros lower than the guaranteed amount according to household size.
In 2025, the guaranteed annual income for an individual is 7,905.72 euros, equating to 658.81 euros monthly.
For cohabiting units, the guaranteed amount increases progressively, reaching up to 1,449.39 euros monthly for households with five or more members.
In addition to income assessments, the net asset ownership of the applicant cannot exceed certain thresholds.
While the primary residence is not included in this assessment, other assets and savings are factored in.
An individual beneficiary is deemed not economically vulnerable if they possess net assets equal to or exceeding three times the guaranteed income for a single person, amounting to 20,353.62 euros.
Asset limits for cohabiting units vary based on the household composition:
One adult: 20,353.62 euros.
One adult and one minor: 28,495.07 euros.
One adult and two minors: 36,636.52 euros.
One adult and three minors: 44,777.96 euros.
One adult and more than three minors: 52,919.41 euros.
Two adults: 28,495.07 euros.
Two adults and one minor: 36,636.52 euros.
Two adults and two minors: 44,777.96 euros.
Two adults and more than two minors: 52,919.41 euros.
Three adults: 36,636.52 euros.
Three adults and one minor: 44,777.96 euros.
Three adults and more than two minors: 52,919.41 euros.
Four adults: 44,777.96 euros.
Four adults and one minor: 52,919.41 euros.
Other cases: 52,919.41 euros.
The Social Security Administration indicates that income and asset requirements for accessing and maintaining the IMV will be assessed via information collected electronically from the Agencia Estatal de Administración Tributaria and regional tax authorities.
Additional Support and Allowances
Additional complements are available to increase the amount received under the IMV. For single-parent cohabiting units, there is a 22% increase added to the individual guaranteed income.
There is also a supplement for households with members who have a disability degree of 65% or higher.
Furthermore, a child assistance supplement is established for households with minors.
The amount varies based on the age of the child: 115 euros per month for children under three years, 80.50 euros for those aged between three and six years, and 57.50 euros for those aged between six and eighteen years.
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