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Tuesday, Jan 20, 2026

España desafía la ley de la UE sobre el tráfico de migrantes por preocupaciones humanitarias

España se opone a la directiva de la UE, citando protecciones humanitarias insuficientes para las ONG.
España ha adoptado una postura firme contra una propuesta de directiva de la Unión Europea destinada a establecer estándares mínimos para prevenir y combatir el tráfico de migrantes.

El gobierno español, representado por el Ministro de la Presidencia, Justicia y Relaciones con las Cortes, Félix Bolaños, votó en contra de la directiva en una reunión con los Ministros de Justicia de la UE, expresando preocupaciones significativas por la ausencia de una cláusula humanitaria robusta que protegería a las organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) de la penalización al brindar ayuda a los migrantes.

A pesar de la oposición de España, los Ministros de Justicia de la UE han acordado su posición para iniciar negociaciones con el Parlamento Europeo, que también debe aprobar la directiva.

El quid de la objeción de España radica en la falta de claridad de la directiva respecto a la asistencia humanitaria.

España, con el apoyo de Alemania y Portugal, enfatizó la importancia de asegurar que el trabajo humanitario de las ONG no sea criminalizado.

Félix Bolaños destacó durante las discusiones públicas que, si bien el esfuerzo global del proyecto de ley se considera positivo, la colocación de la cláusula humanitaria en los preámbulos, en lugar del cuerpo principal de la legislación, envía una señal política ambigua.

España aboga por su inclusión en los artículos principales para afirmar la claridad legal y sostener la intención política de que la ayuda humanitaria no debe ser una ofensa punible.

El marco legal actual de la UE sobre este tema se estableció en 2002, y la ley propuesta busca armonizar las leyes penales de los estados miembros en relación con la definición y sanción del tráfico de migrantes.

La ley reemplazaría el marco existente, asegurando que la asistencia por ganancia económica o material para ingresar, transitar o residir en la UE ilegalmente sea considerada un delito penal, con penas de hasta diez años de prisión para casos graves que involucren violencia o muertes de migrantes.

Alemania respaldó el llamado de España, abogando por un diálogo 'abierto y positivo' con el Parlamento Europeo para consolidar la protección de la ayuda humanitaria.

Portugal hizo eco de estos sentimientos, afirmando que la asistencia humanitaria nunca debe ser criminalizada.

A medida que el proceso legislativo se desarrolla, Hungría, que ostenta la presidencia del Consejo de la UE, reconoció los diversos puntos de vista, indicando que este proyecto no es la versión final y que las preocupaciones expresadas serán abordadas.

En una UE que busca equilibrar seguridad y humanidad, la postura de España subraya la complejidad de legislar sobre cuestiones migratorias mientras se protegen los derechos humanos.

Las próximas negociaciones serán fundamentales para dar forma a una directiva que no solo aborde la seguridad, sino que también garantice que Europa siga siendo un bastión de valores humanitarios.
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