On March 26, 2025, Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez delivered a self-requested appearance before the Congress of Deputies to discuss the pressing geopolitical landscape of the European Union and the implications for Spain’s defense expenditure, following the European Council meeting held on March 20-21. The debate is marked by a significant focus on Spain's commitments to NATO and the challenges posed by the ongoing conflict in Ukraine.

Sánchez's presentation aims to garner support for an increase in defense spending, which he argues is necessary in light of evolving security threats.

The political climate surrounding this issue is challenging, with multiple parliamentary groups expressing skepticism regarding the government’s plans.

The opposition, primarily the Popular Party (PP), has demanded clarity on how and when the proposed spending would occur, emphasizing their unwillingness to provide unconditional support.

The context for Sánchez's appearance is underscored by a broader European initiative led by EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, which aims to mobilize around 800 billion euros to bolster military expenditures by easing investment regulations.

This initiative is seen as a strategic response to the military assertiveness of Russia and other global security challenges.

In a related development, the European Union has made recommendations to citizens encouraging stockpiling essential supplies in the event of a military or climate crisis.

This suggestion has been particularly resonant in countries geographically closer to Russia, highlighting a growing unease regarding security stability within the region.

Additionally, recent negotiations mediated by the United States have reportedly facilitated an agreement between Russia and Ukraine to ensure safe navigation in the Black Sea, which is part of discussions aimed at establishing a ceasefire, including measures to monitor compliance with cessation of attacks on energy infrastructure.

The opposition’s inquiries focus on the funding sources for the proposed increases in defense spending necessary to meet NATO's guideline of 2% of GDP. Key figures within the opposition, such as Ione Belarra of the Podemos party, have criticized the government's approach, arguing that increasing military spending detracts from social welfare efforts and fuels a narrative of fear among citizens.

They advocate for disarmament rather than rearmament, cautioning against the potential consequences of an escalating arms race.

Furthermore, the debate has fueled discussions around the upcoming General State Budget for 2025, with many opposition leaders challenging the government's capacity to pass a budget without solid alliances in Congress.

The concerns raised about the stability of Sánchez's coalition government have also been amplified by the PP’s assertion that the current administration lacks the necessary majority to enact critical policies, including defense spending increases.

Throughout his address, Sánchez reiterated the importance of Spain’s commitment to European solidarity and collective security, suggesting that increased military investment could occur without compromising social welfare.

He highlighted that Spain's economic growth rate outpaces the EU average, asserting confidence in the country’s fiscal capacity to enhance defense capabilities while maintaining its welfare state commitments.

As the discussion continues, in light of these pivotal issues, Sánchez's government is confronted with the dual challenges of addressing national security needs while navigating the complex political landscape shaped by varying perspectives within the parliament.